$physics science wallpaper$

In a conventional three-dimensional topological insulator, each two-dimensional surface exhibits a single characteristic group of states with cone-like dispersion. The new work demonstrates how the symmetries of certain two-dimensional surfaces, known as the 17 wallpaper groups for their wallpaper-like patterning, constrain the spatial arrangement (topology) of three-dimensional insulators.

What we've done here is to identify the simplest kind of topological crystalline insulator.' We've been trying to identify new classes of materials in which crystal symmetries protect the conducting surface. 'The chocolate is the insulator and the foil is a conductor. 'You can think about a topological insulator like a Hershey's kiss,' said Kane, a corresponding author on the paper. Some scientists have theorized that topological insulators, which insulate on their interior but conduct electricity on their surface, could serve as a foundation for super-fast quantum computing. The discovery of this form of lead-strontium (Sr2Pb3) completes a decade-long search for an elusive three-dimensional material that combines the unique electronic properties of two-dimensional graphene and three-dimensional topological insulators, a phase of matter discovered in 2005 in independent works by Charles Kane at Penn and Bernevig at Princeton. The research, appearing July 20 in the journal Science, involved a collaboration among groups from Princeton University, the University of Pennsylvania (Penn), Sungkyunkwan University, Freie Universität Berlin and the Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics. Andrei Bernevig, a professor of physics at Princeton. 'The beauty of topology is that one can apply symmetry principles to find and categorize materials,' said B.

Physics science wallpaper